Hordeum spp.: Zweizeilige Gerste (H. disticum) sechszeilige Gerste (H. hexasticum) vierzeilige Gerste (H. vulgare). Verträgt schwache Böden und niedrigere Temperaturen besser als Weizen. Sorten mit und ohne Hülsen (nackt). Wird als Viehfutter, und für die Malz- und Lebensmittelherstellung verwendet. Die gerösteten Körner dienen als Kaffeeersatz.
1970 | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Russische Föderation | 13.210 | 8.460 | 8.700 | 4.970 | 7.695 | 7.631 | 8.024 | 8.803 | 8.042 | 7.955 | 7.714 | 7.784 | 8.403 | 8.160 | |
Australien | 2.000 | 2.556 | 3.454 | 4.406 | 3.681 | 3.718 | 3.644 | 3.814 | 4.078 | 4.108 | 4.834 | 4.124 | 4.437 | 5.041 | 4.400 |
Türkei | 2.650 | 3.400 | 3.600 | 3.600 | 3.350 | 3.200 | 3.300 | 3.330 | 3.400 | 3.400 | 3.400 | 3.400 | 3.600 | 3.800 | 3.800 |
Kanada | 4.004 | 4.529 | 4.468 | 3.634 | 2.394 | 2.402 | 2.765 | 2.687 | 2.167 | 2.352 | 2.266 | 2.114 | 2.395 | 2.728 | 2.809 |
Kasachstan | 6.660 | 1.625 | 1.451 | 1.333 | 1.515 | 1.600 | 1.837 | 1.909 | 2.038 | 1.893 | 2.069 | 2.516 | 2.977 | 2.731 | |
Ukraine | 2.729 | 3.690 | 4.350 | 4.317 | 3.684 | 3.293 | 3.233 | 3.200 | 3.000 | 3.045 | 2.652 | 2.569 | 2.782 | 2.584 | |
Iran | 1.500 | 2.628 | 1.194 | 1.659 | 1.580 | 1.580 | 1.625 | 1.635 | 1.713 | 1.763 | 1.760 | 1.600 | 1.550 | 1.700 | 1.700 |
Arabischen Republik Syrien | 350 | 1.000 | 450 | 1.327 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.250 | 1.275 | 1.220 | 1.013 | 880 | 800 | 800 | 1.500 | 1.500 |
Marokko | 1.700 | 2.415 | 2.251 | 2.180 | 1.920 | 2.026 | 1.893 | 1.967 | 1.585 | 2.000 | 1.208 | 2.002 | 1.599 | 1.050 | 1.467 |
Großbritannien | 1.122 | 1.177 | 1.138 | 1.162 | 1.388 | ||||||||||
Irak | 673 | 1.876 | 379 | 1.401 | 1.250 | 1.130 | 600 | 1.070 | 1.150 | 1.250 | 1.200 | 775 | 600 | 1.200 | 1.200 |
Argentinien | 356 | 149 | 248 | 267 | 750 | 1.160 | 1.500 | 1.270 | 900 | 1.250 | 870 | 935 | 1.200 | 1.120 | 1.090 |
Algerien | 705 | 1.200 | 216 | 700 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 900 | 800 | 1.000 | 900 | 763 | 1.026 | 1.026 | 1.025 |
Äthiopien | 833 | 950 | 1.450 | 998 | 1.046 | 948 | 1.019 | 1.019 | 994 | 944 | 959 | 955 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika | 3.930 | 3.047 | 2.104 | 1.323 | 998 | 907 | 1.325 | 1.230 | 1.011 | 1.278 | 1.038 | 794 | 802 | 899 | 863 |
Indien | 2.765 | 991 | 725 | 617 | 624 | 705 | 643 | 695 | 674 | 708 | 589 | 656 | 661 | 576 | 590 |
Weißrussland | 1.030 | 736 | 615 | 691 | 671 | 557 | 569 | 546 | 500 | 450 | 452 | 429 | 408 | 380 | |
Tunesien | 410 | 509 | 372 | 381 | 185 | 561 | 585 | 231 | 540 | 379 | 280 | 393 | 314 | 471 | 363 |
Aserbaidschan | 190 | 109 | 167 | 265 | 263 | 292 | 329 | 339 | 361 | 355 | 319 | 337 | 342 | 345 | |
Mexiko | 224 | 276 | 290 | 306 | 268 | 218 | 328 | 297 | 314 | 315 | 330 | 358 | 353 | 360 | 295 |
China | 3.113 | 1.809 | 889 | 831 | 553 | 533 | 499 | 441 | 381 | 375 | 361 | 330 | 263 | 260 | 260 |
Kirgisistan | 267 | 88 | 100 | 122 | 123 | 147 | 147 | 155 | 174 | 185 | 193 | 192 | 185 | 210 | |
Libyen | 216 | 280 | 180 | 204 | 187 | 207 | 210 | 200 | 210 | 210 | 210 | 210 | 210 | 210 | 210 |
Uruguay | 41 | 70 | 88 | 78 | 62 | 105 | 117 | 72 | 100 | 93 | 190 | 153 | 167 | 165 | 185 |
Afghanistan | 315 | 205 | 124 | 240 | 212 | 190 | 280 | 278 | 342 | 282 | 219 | 68 | 84 | 180 | 170 |
Norwegen | 184 | 173 | 161 | 161 | 146 | 148 | 157 | 159 | 127 | 123 | 138 | 135 | 147 | 145 | 145 |
Südafrika | 68 | 110 | 72 | 92 | 83 | 80 | 85 | 81 | 85 | 94 | 89 | 91 | 119 | 132 | 142 |
Peru | 186 | 80 | 156 | 151 | 154 | 148 | 151 | 154 | 151 | 146 | 136 | 133 | 134 | 136 | 130 |
Usbekistan | 290 | 75 | 75 | 94 | 108 | 85 | 91 | 93 | 93 | 103 | 100 | 90 | 130 | 120 | |
Serbien | 84 | 85 | 78 | 86 | 85 | 91 | 92 | 95 | 110 | 94 | 110 | ||||
Brasilien | 25 | 105 | 145 | 145 | 88 | 88 | 103 | 103 | 117 | 127 | 96 | 108 | 112 | 119 | 103 |
Ägypten | 35 | 55 | 97 | 104 | 88 | 68 | 82 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 |
Tadschikistan | 44 | 30 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 70 | 80 | 80 | 77 | 78 | 77 | 72 | 77 | 75 | |
Pakistan | 157 | 155 | 124 | 93 | 84 | 77 | 72 | 73 | 71 | 68 | 66 | 61 | 58 | 57 | 66 |
Japan | 225 | 106 | 54 | 55 | 59 | 60 | 60 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 61 | 61 | 61 | 61 | 62 |
Republik Moldau | 120 | 105 | 119 | 132 | 104 | 91 | 104 | 96 | 84 | 83 | 81 | 64 | 53 | 60 | |
Bolivien | 93 | 56 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 58 | 58 | 56 | 55 | 55 | 53 | 53 | 54 | 54 | 52 |
Eritrea | 46 | 45 | 58 | 48 | 48 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | ||
Neuseeland | 81 | 97 | 80 | 50 | 52 | 65 | 66 | 61 | 59 | 64 | 52 | 42 | 56 | 56 | 45 |
North Macedonia | 50 | 50 | 43 | 41 | 41 | 42 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 44 | 42 | 41 | 41 | ||
Armenien | 56 | 65 | 74 | 61 | 68 | 65 | 65 | 67 | 68 | 71 | 58 | 52 | 40 | 35 | |
Republik Korea | 677 | 160 | 68 | 58 | 39 | 29 | 21 | 26 | 30 | 34 | 37 | 29 | 47 | 44 | 35 |
Schweiz | 41 | 60 | 46 | 38 | 29 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
Chile | 47 | 32 | 15 | 29 | 20 | 15 | 13 | 16 | 9 | 18 | 14 | 26 | 29 | 30 | 27 |
Jordanien | 59 | 48 | 13 | 36 | 20 | 28 | 36 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
Nepal | 26 | 30 | 28 | 26 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 27 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
Georgien | 47 | 20 | 45 | 21 | 16 | 13 | 27 | 20 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 27 | 22 | 23 | |
Bosnien-Herzegowina | 23 | 20 | 19 | 21 | 20 | 21 | 18 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 21 | 22 | ||
Turkmenistan | 67 | 20 | 20 | 13 | 5 | 11 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 14 | 19 | 15 | 14 | 17 | |
Kenia | 20 | 85 | 20 | 13 | 25 | 19 | 17 | 17 | 22 | 14 | 16 | 21 | 20 | 15 | 15 |
Libanon | 7 | 11 | 9 | 15 | 11 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
Kolumbien | 65 | 50 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
Zimbabwe | 5 | 5 | 8 | 13 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Ecuador | 76 | 45 | 45 | 41 | 26 | 29 | 20 | 26 | 16 | 10 | 17 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 8 |
Bangladesch | 42 | 7 | 7 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
Bhutan | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
Israel | 17 | 15 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
Albanien | 9 | 13 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
Saudi Arabien | 26 | 56 | 26 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Oman | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Kuwait | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Katar | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Taiwan (Provinz von China) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Thailand | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Vereinigte Arabische Emirate | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Vietnam | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Bulgarien | 403 | 360 | |||||||||||||
Kuba | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||
Zypern | 72 | 65 | |||||||||||||
Estland | 263 | ||||||||||||||
Tschechische Republik | 803 | 745 | |||||||||||||
Ungarn | 284 | 297 | |||||||||||||
Lettland | 307 | ||||||||||||||
Litauen | 398 | ||||||||||||||
Malta | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Polen | 924 | 1.174 | |||||||||||||
Rumänien | 288 | 750 | |||||||||||||
Montenegro | 111 | 105 | |||||||||||||
Yemen | 52 |