United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

Source: UNECE Statistical Database, compiled from national official sources. Definition: Persons convicted are persons found guilty by any legal body duly authorised to do so under national law, whether the conviction was later upheld or not. .. - data not available Country: Austria Break in methodlogy (2000): Significantly reduced number of convictions between 1999 and 2000: the decline is due to diversion which is now applicable to adults in criminal law. Country: Austria Change in definition (1990): Juveniles: data refer to persons aged less than 19. Persons, who were convicted more than once in the indicated year are multiple-counted. Country: Austria Change in definition (1995 - 2001): Juveniles: data refer to persons aged less than 19. Country: Bulgaria Break in methodlogy (2000): Until 1997 data are based on the activity of the regional and district courts on penal trials of general, private and administrative character. Since 1998 the information for the activity of military courts is also included. Country: Bulgaria Break in methodlogy (2012): Since 2012 data include activities of the Special Criminal Court. Country: Canada Found guilty includes guilty of the charged offence, of an included offence, of an attempt of the charged offence, or of an attempt of an included offence. This category also includes cases where an absolute or conditional discharge has been imposed. Data refer to fiscal year (April 1 through March 31 of following year). 1995-2004: data do not cover all provinces and territories. Adult is a person of age 18+ at the time of the offence. Juvenile is a person aged 12 to 17 y.o at the time of the offence. Country: Cyprus Data refer to the Government controlled area only. Country: Cyprus Includes convictions of both serious crimes (in violation of the Penal Code) and minor offences, as well as traffic violations. Country: Czechia Change in definition (2000 - 2012): Data include not only imprisonment but also e.g. fines, ban on activity, etc. Country: Denmark Break in methodlogy (2007): From 1980 to 2006, data refer to all persons with a decision, incl. acquitted and prosecutor dropped. From 2007, data cover only those who are convicted. Country: Estonia Break in methodlogy (1990): Change in laws and methodology. Country: Finland Break in methodlogy (2000): Offences against the Road Traffic Act carrying imprisonment as penalty were transferred to the Penal code on 1 October 1999. Country: France Additional information (1995 - 2002): Amnesties (part of convictions was not registered). Country: France Change in definition (1980 - 2012): Data include DOM-TOM. Country: France Provisional value (2012): Country: Georgia Territorial change (1990 onward): Data do not cover Abkhazia AR and Tskhinvali Region. Country: Germany Territorial change (1980 - 2006): Data refer to former territory of Germany. Country: Greece Change in definition (1990 - 2004): Juveniles: persons aged up to 17 Country: Ireland Change in definition (2000 - 2002): Headline Incidents only being included. Juveniles: 16 years or younger. Country: Israel Change in definition (1980 - 1990): Convicted juvenile offenders are those tried in juvenile courts. Country: Israel Change in definition (2000 - 2012): Convicted juvenile offenders are those tried in juvenile courts. Data on persons charged in criminal trials conducted in courts of first instance, who were sentenced during a given year. Since 2000 classification as adults or as juveniles was based on the following criteria, 1) The offender`age at the time crime was committed. 2)The offender`s age at time of the indictment 3)The type of court in which the trial was held.A juvenile offender is a person who meets two out of the three criteria . All other cases are considered to be adults. Country: Israel Reference period (1980): Data refer to 1981 Country: Israel Reference period (1990): Data refer to 1989 Country: Italy Break in methodlogy (2000): Change in methodology and source Country: Italy Change in definition (1980 - 2011): Data refers to the convicted persons recorded in the Judicial Database Country: Kazakhstan Break in methodlogy (2000): Change of source as of 2000 Country: Moldova, Republic of Data exclude the territory of the Transnistria and municipality of Bender Country: Netherlands Change in definition (1990 - 2012): Data exclude persons with unknown sex and age. Country: Poland Change in definition (1980 - 1990): Juveniles: persons aged up to 16. Country: Poland Change in definition (1995 - 2012): Juveniles: persons aged up to 17. Country: Romania Convictions is equivalent to Persons convicted because there are no data regarding final convictions. Country: Serbia Territorial change (2000 onward): Data exclude territory of Kosovo and Metohija. Country: Slovenia Break in methodology (1995): Change in law. Break in methodology (2013): New amendment to the Criminal Procedure Act enabled the implementation of criminal proceedings and economized trials. This is reflected in the large increase of the number of convicted persons over the previous year. The number of convicted juveniles did not significantly increase during the same period – around 10%. Country: Spain Break in methodlogy (2008): Before 2007: different source and partial coverage. Country: Spain Change in definition (1980 - 2013): Juveniles: persons aged between 14 to 17 years. Country: Spain Change in definition (2000 - 2006): Juveniles: persons aged between 14 to 17 years. Convicted persons are partially reported by sex. Country: Sweden Change in definition (1980 onwards): Data refer to number of convictions. One person can contribute with more than one conviction during a calendar year. Includes attempts, assistance, preparation and conspiracy to commit an offence. Country: Switzerland Additional information (1990 - 1995): Data are not complete (Juvenile convictions are not available) Country: Switzerland Change in definition (1990 - 2012): Only convicted persons for felonies and misdemeanours. Country: Turkey 2005: break in series: introduction of changes in laws. 2009: break in series: change in data compilation method. Data refer to the number of sentence decisions rendered for accused persons at criminal courts in accordance with Turkish Criminal Law and special laws for 2009 and later. Total excludes judicial person, foreign national and unknown sex and age for 2009 and later. Country: Ukraine From 2014 data cover the territories under the government control. Country: United Kingdom Change in definition (2008 - onwards): For total convicted persons, male and female may not add up to total because the sex is not always recorded Country: United Kingdom Territorial change (1980): Data refer to England and Wales only. Country: United States Adults: data represent felony conviction in state and federal courts. 1995: data refer to 1994.

.. - data not available Source: UNECE Statistical Database, compiled from national official sources. Definition: Conviction is the verdict that results when a court of law finds a defendant guilty of a crime. A serious assault is an injury whereby life could be endangered, including cases of injury involving the use of dangerous instrument. Cases where instruments are used only to threaten are excluded. An assault refers to physical attack against the body of another person, including battery but excluding indecent assault. A homicide is intentional or unintentional killing. Intentional homicide is a death deliberately inflicted on a person by another person, including infanticide.Non-intentional homicide is a death not deliberately inflicted on a person by another person. That includes crime of manslaughter but excludes traffic accidents that result in a death of persons. The distinction between intentional and unintentional homicide differs from country to country, as does the definition of attempted murder. Rape is a sexual intercourse without valid consent. Robbery is a theft of property from a person, overcoming resistance by force or threat of force. Theft is any act of intentionally and unlawfully removing property belonging to another person (or organisation), excluding burglary. Drug crimes are any violation involving the illicit brokerage, cultivation, delivery (on any terms whatsoever), dispatch, dispatch in transit, distribution, extraction, exportation or importation, offering for sale, preparation, production, purchase, manufacture, sale, traffic, transportation, or use of narcotic drugs. General note: Data come from administrative data sources unless otherwise specified. Country: Albania Assault includes article 89, this change includes years 2013-2015. Theft includes all crimes against property and economic sphere, but excludes robbery. Country: Austria Break in methodlogy (2000): Significantly reduced number of convictions between 1999 and 2000: the decline is due to diversion which is now applicable to adults in criminal law. Country: Bulgaria Break in methodlogy (2000): Until 1997 data are based on the activity of the regional and district courts on penal trials of general, private and administrative character. Since 1998 the information for the activity of military courts is also included. Country: Bulgaria Break in methodlogy (2012): Since 2012 data include activities of the Special Criminal Court. Country: Canada Assault includes Level 1 Assault, Criminal Code of Canada, section 266. A common assault has been committed when an individual intentionally applies force or threatens to apply force to another person, without that person's consent. The seriousness of physical injury is what distinguishes this type of assault from other, more serious assaults. Serious assault includes assault with a weapon (Level 2, Criminal Code of Canada, section 267), aggravated assault (Level 3, Criminal Code of Canada, section 268) and other assaults (assaults against police officers, and unlawfully causing bodily harm). Homicide includes first-degree murder, second-degree murder, manslaughter and infanticide. Rape is not a recognized offence in the Criminal Code of Canada. Data reported are sexual assault (level 1), sexual assault with a weapon or bodily harm (level 2) and sexual assault aggravated (level 3). Theft includes theft over and under $5,000 as well as motor vehicle theft. Drug crime includes drug possession, trafficking, production, importing and exporting. Data refer to a fiscal year (April 1 through March 31). Data do not cover all provinces and territories. Data includes persons aged 12 y.o. or older at the time of the offence. Country: Croatia Data refer to adults serving imprisonment sentences. Country: Cyprus Data refer to the Government controlled area only. Country: Cyprus Includes convictions of both serious crimes (in violation of the Penal Code) and minor offences, as well as traffic violations. Country: Denmark Change in definition (1980 - 2012): All persons with a decision, incl. acquitted and prosecutor dropped Assault: Include serious assault and homicide Country: Denmark Only guilty decisions included. Country: Estonia Break in methodlogy (1990 - 1995): Change in laws and methodology. Country: Estonia Change in definition (1990 - 2013): Theft includes burglary. Country: Finland Break in methodology (2000): The Penal Code includes the offences against the Road Traffic Act carrying imprisonment as penalty. Country: Finland Data refer to offences against the Penal Code only. Country: France Additional information (1995 - 2002): Amnesties (part of convictions was not registered). Country: France Change in definition (1990 - 2011): Data are based on different classification of offences. Country: Georgia Territorial change (2000 onward): Data do not cover Abkhazia AR and Tskhinvali Region. Country: Germany Territorial change (1980 - 2006): Data refer to former territory of Germany. Country: Greece Change in definition (1980 - 2010): Number of convictions equals to number of convicted persons (persons found definitively guilty from penal courts). Serious assault excludes fatal body injuries. Country: Iceland Data refer to convictions from the district courts. Country: Ireland 2009: break in series, change in methodology. Country: Israel Reference period (1980): Data refer to 1981 Country: Israel Reference period (1990): Data refer to 1989 Country: Italy Break in methodlogy (2000): Until 2000 data referred to the most serious crime. Series from 2000 to 2011 have been updated according to the new systems and calculating the convinctions instead of the persons convicted. Country: Italy Change in definition (1980 - 2011): Rape: convicted for misdemeanours are not included. Country: Kazakhstan Break in methodlogy (2000): Change of source as of 2000 Country: Kyrgyzstan Change in definition (2000 - onwards): Data are changed concidering the definition of the robbery. Country: Latvia Break in methodlogy (2011): Data include fraud and misappropriation on small scale Country: Latvia Change in definition (2000 - 2012): Data for theft include burglary. Country: Moldova, Republic of Territorial change (2004 onward): Data exclude the territory of the Transnistria and municipality of Bender Country: Montenegro 2001-2006: data refer to convicted adults. From 2007: data refer to convicted adults and juveniles. Assaults include serious assaults. Country: Netherlands Assaults include serious assaults. Data exclude persons with unknown sex. Country: Norway Until 2000: the total does not include convictions for misdemeanours, i.e. ticket fines and prosecutions conditionally dropped are not included. Country: Poland Data refer to adults only. Country: Romania Convictions is equivalent to Persons convicted because there are no data regarding final convictions. Country: Serbia Territorial change (2000 onward): Data exclude territory of Kosovo and Metohija. Country: Slovakia Break in methodlogy (2006): Change in criminal code. Country: Slovenia Break in methodology (1995): Change in law. Break in methodology (2013): New amendment to the Criminal Procedure Act enabled the implementation of criminal proceedings and economized trials. This is reflected in the large increase of the number of convicted persons over the previous year. The number of convicted juveniles did not significantly increase during the same period – around 10%. Country: Spain Break in methodology (2007): change in source, data include only firm convictions. Country: Spain Total could be less than sum of convictions by type as each conviction can include different crimes. Country: Sweden Break in methodlogy (2005): Break in series for convictions of Rape due to changes in legislation for sexual offenses. Country: Sweden Statistics presented refers to conviction decisions laid down by courts (first instance county court convictions) or prosecutors (prosecutor fines or waiver of prosecution). Sub groups for some years do not add up to the main level, due to missing data on gender. Attempt, preparation, being an accomplice, incitement, failure to disclose and failure to prevent offences are included in respective offence category. Drug crime does not include drug trafficking for the years 1995 and 2000. Drug trafficking is included from 2001 onwards. Country: Switzerland Change in definition (1990 - onwards): Only convicted persons for felonies and misdemeanours. Country: Turkey Break in methodlogy (2009): Change in data compilation method. Country: Turkey Change in definition (1990 - 2010): Data includes intentional and non-intentional homicide. Theft includes burglary. Country: Turkey Data refer to the number of sentence decisions rendered for accused persons at criminal courts in accordance with Turkish Criminal Law and special laws for 2009 and later. Total excludes judicial person, foreign national and unknown sex for 2009 and later. Country: Ukraine From 2014 data cover the territories under the government control. Country: United Kingdom Change in definition (2000 - onwards): Serious assault includes attempted murder. Rape includes attempted rape. Country: United Kingdom Change in definition (2008 - onwards): Male and female may not add up to total because sex is not always recorded. Country: United Kingdom Territorial change (2000 - onwards): Data refer to England and Wales. Country: United States Data represent felony convictions in State and Federal Courts. Convictions in juvenile courts are not included. Data do not distinguish between assault and serious assault. 1995: data refers to 1994.

Source: UNECE Statistical Database, compiled from national official sources. Definition: Prisons are all publicly and privately financed institutions where persons are deprived of their liberty. These include penal, correctional, and psychiatric facilities. Youth/juvenile detention centres are excluded. Prisoners/prison population are all prisoners including those awaiting trial or sentence, except those in youth/juvenile detention centres. Foreigner is a person without citizenship of the reporting country. National is a person holding national citizenship. General note: Reference period: selected day of the year. .. - data not available Country: Albania 1995-2004: data not not include pre-trial detention centers. From 2007: data include all pre-trial centers. Country: Belgium Data refer to yearly mean. Country: Canada Definition: Total actual-in counts are presented. Counts represent the average daily number of adults under custody supervision and include persons held in custody under sentence, remand or who are otherwise legally required to be there and who are present at the time the count is taken. Reference period: Data refer to fiscal year (April 1 through March 31). The data shown is the sum of the Provincial/Territorial and Federal data. The Provincial/Territorial data represent offenders sentenced to custody terms of less than 2 years. It includes data for all of Canada's 13 provinces and territories, except Prince Edward Island for 2005, Alberta for 2013 and Nunavut from 2000 to 2002. The Federal data represent offenders sentenced to custody terms of 2 years or more and include coverage for all of Canada. Country: Cyprus Data cover only the area controlled by the Republic of Cyprus. Country: Czechia Data till 2008 include not only imprisonment but also e.g. fines, ban on activity, etc. Country: Estonia Since 2013 the figures include pre-trial detainees and sentenced persons in police arrest houses. Country: Finland Data exclude psychiatric facilities and remand prisoners in police custody. Country: Georgia Territorial change (2000 onward): Data do not cover Abkhazia AR and Tskhinvali Region. Country: Greece For years 2002-2004 prisoners in Youth/Juvenile destention centers are includes in estimations. Country: Ireland Change in definition (2001 - 2003): Data for prisoners on sentence and remand. Country: Ireland Change in definition (2004 - 2010): Data for prisoners in custody under sentence only. Country: Latvia Data exclude persons awaiting trial or sentence. Country: Moldova, Republic of Additional information (2001 - 2013): Data exclude persons who are in detention pending for the final verdict Country: Moldova, Republic of Data exclude the territory of the Transnistria and municipality of Bender Country: Netherlands Data exclude psychiatric facilities. Country: Poland Data exclude psychiatric facilities. Country: Romania Data include persons in penitentiaries, detention centers and educational centers. Country: Serbia Data exclude territory of Kosovo and Metohija. Country: Sweden Change in definition (1995 onwards): Data exclude persons awaiting trial or sentence, and exclude persons in psychiatric facilities. Country: Switzerland Change in definition (2000 - onwards): Data refer to publicly financed institution only. Some of the considered institutions contain juvenile detention departments, but they are designated as adult facilities and not as juveniles detention centers. Data exclude persons awaiting expulsion. Country: Turkey Change in definition (1980 - onwards): Juvenile prison and reformatories were included. 9 persons whose nationality is unknown is included in total in 2012. Country: Ukraine From 2014 data cover the territories under the government control. Country: United Kingdom Change in definition (1980 - onwards): Detailed data may not add up to total because the breakdown variable is not always recorded. Country: United Kingdom Territorial change (1980 - onwards): Data do not cover Northern Ireland. Country: United States Data refer to prisoners in custody of state or federal prisons. Data do not include community correction centers and local jail inmates.

Source: UNECE Statistical Database, compiled from national official sources. Definitions: Victimes of crime are persons who, individually or collectively, have suffered harm, including physical or mental injury, emotional suffering, economic loss or substantial impairment of their fundamental rights, through acts or omissions that are in violation of criminal laws within countries, including those laws proscribing criminal abuse of power. A person may be considered a victim regardless of whether the perpetrator is identified, apprehended, prosecuted or convicted and regardless of the familial relationship between the perpetrator and the victim. The term ''victim'' also includes, where appropriate, the immediate family or dependants of the direct victim and persons who have suffered harm in intervening to assist victims in distress or to prevent victimization. A serious assault is an injury whereby life could be endangered, including cases of injury involving the use of dangerous instrument. Cases where instruments are used only to threaten are excluded. A homicide is intentional or unintentional killing. Intentional homicide is a death deliberately inflicted on a person by another person, including infanticide. Non-intentional homicide is a death not deliberately inflicted on a person by another person. That includes crime of manslaughter but excludes traffic accidents that result in a death of persons. The distinction between intentional and unintentional homicide differs from country to country, as does the definition of attempted murder. Robbery is the theft of property from a person, overcoming resistance by force or threat of force. Sexual assault comprise rapes, attempted rapes and indecent and sexual assaults (offensive behaviour excluded). General note: Data come from administrative data sources unless otherwise specified.In general, the number of victims of crime are as reported by the police, i.e. crimes that are reported to, detected by, or otherwise drawn to the attention of the police. .. - data not available Country: Belarus Data refer to reported crimes Country: Bulgaria Reference period (2000): Data do not cover whole year. Country: Canada 1995/2000 – break in series: change in methodology (change in territorial coverage). Homicide includes Criminal Code offences of murder, manslaughter and infanticide. Serious assault includes assault, assault with a weapon or bodily harm assault and aggravated assaults. Robbery includes robbery and robbery to steal a firearm. Sexual assault includes sexual assault, sexual assault with a weapon or bodily harm and sexual assault aggravated. Country: Croatia Attempted murders are not included under Homicides. Country: Cyprus Data cover only the area controlled by the Republic of Cyprus. 2003: break in series, change in data recording process. Country: Czechia Change in definition (2009 - 2012): Data for Victims of sexual assault refer to Sexual abuse and Rape. Country: Denmark Additional information (2010 onwards): Victims of reported crimes Country: Denmark Change in definition (2010 onwards): Victims of homicide: Do not include unintentional homicide Change in definition (2001 onwards): Victims of serious assault: Include attempted homicide. Do not include violence against public authority Change in definition (2001 onwards):Victims of robbery: Include robberies against people in own house and people in the street. Do not include robberies against banks, shops etc. Country: Estonia Break in methodlogy (1990): Change in laws and methodology. Country: Finland Change in definition (1980 - 2010): Robbery and serious assault : data refer to crimes, not victims. Sexual assault: data refer to crimes, not victims. Country: Finland Data includes intentional homicides only. Country: France Change in definition (2000 - 2013): Data include DOM-TOM. From 2015 data are restricted to metropolitan France. Also for 2015 homicides include suicides (149 persons). Data by gender does not sum up to the total for both sex because the sex of some victims is unknown. Country: Georgia Additional information (2012 - 2014): There are some cases where the gender is not known Country: Georgia Territorial change (2005 onward): Data do not cover Abkhazia AR and Tskhinvali Region. Country: Germany Break in methodology (2009): Transition to delivery of individual PCS data sets and introduction of a six-digit key number system at national level Country: Ireland Additional information (2003 - 2012): Covers all Garda stations in the Republic of Ireland. Country: Ireland Break in methodlogy (2003): The Irish Crime Classification System (ICCS) replaced the previous breakdown of crime into headline/non-headline. Figures based on ICCS are provided since 2003. Country: Israel Numbers of victims are based on causes of death files. No data on the type of crime. Country: Italy Break in methodlogy (1990): change in classification Country: Italy Break in methodlogy (2004): change in collection procedures and sources. Country: Italy Change in definition (1980): infanticide is not included Country: Kyrgyzstan Additional information (1990 - onwards): Data refer to reported crimes (cases). Country: Moldova, Republic of Data exclude the territory of the Transnistria and municipality of Bender Country: Netherlands Data have not been updated and may not correspond with data on victims of homicide by relationship of perpetrator to victim. Country: Norway 1980, 1990, 1995: calculation is based on convictions for crimes. 2000: calculation is based on total convictions (both crimes and misdemeanours) Country: Serbia Data exclude territory of Kosovo and Metohija. Country: Slovakia Change in definition (1990 onwards): Homicides: only intentional killing included. Country: Spain For 2012-2013, the total for both sexes is not the sum of male and female because some victims have unknown sex. Due to reform of the penal code in 2015, there are changes in the categorization of crimes and data going forward may not be comparable with data from previous years. Country: Spain Territorial change (2009 - 2013): Data exclude Cataluna police region. Country: Sweden Data refer to number of crimes reported to the police or the public prosecutor. Data on victims of homicides includes completed murder, voluntary and involuntary manslaughter, infanticide and assault leading to death. Figures are taken from the elaborated homicide data, whereby police reported homicides that after investigation or court procedure turn out not being homicides have been excluded. Country: Switzerland Break in methodlogy (2009): Break in series: change in survey. Country: Switzerland Change in definition (1980 - onwards): Homicide excludes attempts. Cases with unknown sexes are excluded. Country: Turkey Change in definition (2008): Because of administrative recording problem, 2008 robbery figures cover number of crimes not victims. There is no gender breakdown for that year. There is a difference in the crime classification between 2007 and 2008.Before 2007, only the crimes which were devolved to the justice were included. Starting from 2007 all crimes reported to the police have been counted. In 2014, traffic accidents were included. Country: Ukraine From 2014 data cover the territories under the government control. Country: United Kingdom Break in methodlogy (2000): Change in coverage Country: United Kingdom Break in methodlogy (2003): Change in data recording Country: United Kingdom Change in definition (2008 - onwards): Serious assaults- change in definition. Country: United Kingdom Reference period (2000 - onwards): Data refer to financial year Country: United Kingdom Territorial change (1980 - onwards): Data refer to England and Wales.

Source: UNECE Statistical Database, compiled from national official sources Definition: A homicide is intentional or unintentional killing. Intentional homicide is a death deliberately inflicted on a person by another person, including infanticide.Non-intentional homicide is a death not deliberately inflicted on a person by another person. That includes crime of manslaughter but excludes traffic accidents that result in a death of persons. The distinction between intentional and unintentional homicide differs from country to country, as does the definition of attempted murder. General note: Reference period - selected day of the year. .. - data not availableCountry: AustriaChange in definition (2002 - 2012): 1.1: Victims of homicide killed by a family member living in the same household 1.2: Vicitms of homicide killed by a family member not living in the same householdCountry: BelarusBreak in methodlogy (2011): From 1995 to 2010 data are based on reported crimes. From 2011 data refer to completed investigation of criminal cases.Country: BulgariaReference period (2000): Data do not cover whole year.Country: CanadaDifferences in totals and the sum of subtotals (by relashionships and/or gender) can be observed because the totals also include victims where the gender of the victim was reported as unknown and where the perpertrator and victim's relationships is unknown. A spouse refers to husband/wife (legally married), common-law husband/wife, and same sex spouse (legal or common-law). An ex-spouse refers to opposite sex separated/divorced spouse, opposite sex separated common-law spouse and ex-same-sex spouse (separated or divorced)Country: CroatiaAttempted murders are not included under Homicides.Country: CyprusData cover only the area controlled by the Republic of Cyprus. 2008: data include victims of aiplane accidents.Country: DenmarkChange in definition (2010 onwards): Data do not include non-intentional homicide.Country: EstoniaBreak in methodlogy (1990 - 1995): Change in laws and methodology.Country: FinlandChange in definition (2003 - 2011): Data include homicides commited by Finnish residents against Finnish residents. All years: Data include only intentional homicides.Country: GeorgiaTerritorial change (2005 onward): Data do not cover Abkhazia AR and Tskhinvali Region.Country: GeorgiaAdditional information (2012 - 2014): There are some cases where the gender is not knownCountry: GermanyBreak in methodology (2009): Transition to delivery of individual PCS data sets and introduction of a six-digit key number system at national levelCountry: GermanyFigures include data on completed acts of murder (sect. 211 Penal Code (PC)), manslaughter (sect. 212 PC), less serious case of manslaughter (sect. 213 PC), killing a person at their own request (sect. 216 PC), bodily injuries resulting in death (sects. 227, 231 PC) and homicide by negligence (sect. 222 PC), but exclude a. o. sexual coercion attended by death (sect. 178 PC) and robbery resulting in death (sect. 251 PC); (PCS keys 010000, 020000, 221000, 030000).Country: GermanySpouse refers to spouse/marriage partner, registered partnership, non-marital life partnership; Another relative refers to a family member or other relative; Another person refers to a former partner, informal and formal social relationship, no relationship, unclarified/unknown; Ex-spouse refers to a former partnership (ex-spouse, former partner of a non-marital life partnership, former partner of a registered partnership); Friend or any other acquaintance refers to an informal and formal social relationship (acquaintance, casual previous relation); Perpetrator unknown/stranger refers to no relationship, unclarified/unknown.Country: IsraelNumbers of victims are based on causes of death files.Country: ItalyData refer to intentional homicides.Country: NetherlandsBreak in methodlogy (2000): Starting from 1996 and onwards, data are collected through the cause of death registration. Include also manslaughter, justifiable homicide in self-defence and death due to armed conflict.Country: NetherlandsChange in definition (2000 - 2005): Data on "perpetrator unknown" includes also "unknown if perpetrator is known".Country: SerbiaData exclude territory of Kosovo and Metohija.Country: SlovakiaChange in definition (1990 onwards): Only intentional killing included.Country: SpainFor 2012-2013 the total for both sexes is not the sum of male and female because some victims have unknown sex.Country: SpainTerritorial change (2009 - 2013): Data exclude Cataluna police region. From 2014 totals include Cataluna police region, but subtotals do not.Country: SwedenData on victims of homicides includes completed murder, voluntary and involuntary manslaughter, infanticide and assault leading to death. Figures are taken from the elaborated homicide data, whereby police reported homicides that after investigation or court procedure turn out not being homicides have been excluded.Country: SwitzerlandBreak in methodlogy (2009): Break in series, revision of crime statistics.Country: SwitzerlandChange in definition (2000 - onwards): Data exclude cases with unknown sexes. Homicide: does not include attempted murderCountry: TurkeyAdditional information (1995 - 2013): Data cover intentional and non-intentional homicide as defined.Country: UkraineFrom 2014 data cover the territories under the government control.Country: United KingdomChange in definition (2000 - onwards): Data for spouse also include ex-spouse and partner/ex-partner.Country: United KingdomReference period (2000 - onwards): Data refer to financial year (from 1April to 31 March)Country: United KingdomTerritorial change (2000 - onwards): Data refer to England and Wales.